Carbureting apparatus for internal-combustion engines.



E. W. JOHNSON1 CARBUREUNG APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL coMBusTloN ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JULY I7, 1916.

Patented Mar. 13, 1917.

l NVEN TOR ERNES'l` WILLIAM JOHNSON, 0F BALLINACURRA, IRELAND.

CARBURETING APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 13, 1917.

Application filed July 17, 1916. Serial No. 109,866.

To all'wwm t may concern:

Be' it known that LERNESTWILLIAM JOHN- soN, a subject of the King of- Great Britain and Ireland, residing a-tL'ifford avenue,Bal linacurra, in the co-unty of Limerick, Ireland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Carbureting Apparatus for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in j vaporizers for use with spray carburetingapparatus in which the cold gas or vapor supplied by the carbureting-apparatus is passed through a series of tubes running through a chamber heated by the exhaust gases of the engine, and the objects of my improvements are first, to vary the degree to which the gas or vapor is heated by bypassing -a certain amount of cold gas or vapor as it comes from the spray carbureting-apparatus sothat it mixes with the .heated gas or vapor on the engine side of the vaporizer, secondly so to construct the vaporizer that the chamber through which the exhaust gases pass acts as a silencer,

and thirdly, to increase the eiiciency of this type of vaporizer under all possible conditions of working.

I attain these objects by the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which A Figure l is a view in side elevation, and Fig. 2 is a view .in sectional elevation of the improved vaporizen Fig. 3 1s a view in plan of the bottom chamber of the vaporizer.

Fig. 4 .is a view in plan of the top tube plate of the heating chamber of the vaporizer, and

Fig. 5 is a view in sectional elevation of an alternative construction of the vaporizer in which the gas `or vapor only passes once through the heating chamber.

Throughout the views similar parts are marked with like letters of reference.

Referring to Figs. l, 2, 3, 4, the improved vaporizer consists of two chambers a and (hereinafter called the vapor chambers) which are locatedat .a suitable distance apart and are connected to one another by a series of tubes etc., (hereinafter called the vapor tubes or passages). rlhe space betweenY the chambers a and b and through which the tubes w pass is inclosed so as to rows, one or more tubes being omitted in one row atv about the center of the rowand in the next or adjacent row at the ends of said row, whereby the exhaust gases are caused to take a horizontal sinuous passage as shown by the arrows in Fig. 4. rThe rows of tubes etc., are divided at or about the center of the chamber c into two groups by a diaphragm or plate d which has two openings agl and Z2 at its upper and lower edges respectively which cause the exhaust gases to take a vertical or up-and-down course as shown by the tailless arrows in Fig. 2. By this arrangement the exhaust gases in their passage through the chamber c are allowed to expand so that not only is there no throttling of the gases but they become so silent that only a plain pipe is required to conduct them away and silence the noise.

The vapor chamber a is divided into two compartments a1 and a2, the latter of which is connected with the carbureter by means of a pipe or passage c and the other of which is connected with the engine by means of a pipe or passage f so that the cold gas or vapor passes from the carbureter into the compartment a2 of the chamber a, thence through one group of tubes into the chamber and back again through the other group of tubes c into the compartment a1 of the chamber a, and thence to the engine.

rlhe compartment a2 is in direct communication with the compartment a1 by means of a by-pass which consists of a cylinder g which is in communication with the compartment al by its open end and is in communication with the compartment a2 by a lport 71,. In the cylinder g is a piston valve m which is adaptedv to open and close the by-pass. rl`he movement of the piston valve j is controlled partly by mechanical means and partly by the suction of the engine.

To the outer end of the valve m is attrched an extension r1 in which is a slot r with which a pin p carried by a' levery n engages, said lever working on a pivot t in iixed relation to the vaporizer. kThe slot r1 allows the piston valve m a predetermined amount of. free movement relative to the lever n, the amount of said movement betubes in the heating chamber, a by-pass being regulated by means of a set screw s in the extension r1. The lever n is coupled with the throttle valve of the engine in any suitable manner so that both are opened and closed by Onecontrol. The slot.

r allows the throttle valve to open in advance ofthe by-pass valve, the amount of the lag on the by-pass valve being regulated by the set screw s. The slot 1 ,also allows the suction of the engine to operate onl the valve m to close the by-pass. It is not obligatory to make the port It of a rectangular shape-as showne-as it may'fo'r some engines require to be tapered in 'one direction or the other; for instance for use with engines intended to be used on heavy' commercial vehicles l have found by experiment that the best results are produced when the by-pass is tapered so as to cause it to open at a quicker rate than the throttle valve of the engine, the only essential condition being that when the valve is fully opened the area of the port shall at least be equal t0 the area of the by-pass.

The function of the by-pass isto allow a certain amount of the cold gas or vapor to mix with the heated gas or vapor as it 4leaves the heating chamber and before it reaches the engine, whereby the degree of heat to which the gas or vapor istraised can be varied within limits.

The gas or vapor may be made to 'traverse the heating chamber c any number of times. If it is intended that it should traverse said chamber an odd number of times the chamber b is connected to the engine and the compartment a1 of the chamber a is connected to the chamber b by means of a single pipe or passage m1 which may be arranged either exterior to the heated chamber or t0 pass through said chamber, in which case the size-of it is such that the gas or vapor passing through it will not take up much heat. `F ig. 5 shows the latter arrangement which is a convenient one when the gas or vapor only passes through the heating chamber once. ,l

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A vaporizer for use in combination with spray carburetingapparatus for internal combustion engines, comprising three chambers the central one being provided with an inlet and outlet for the exhaust gases and the 'end onesbeing in communication with one another by two groups of tubes through which the gas or vapor passes from one of the end chambers to the other one of said chambers, one of said chambers being divided into two compartments each of which is. provided with an opening by means of v which one of said compartments is connected to the carbureter and the other to the engine,

a baille plate between the two groups of' tween said compartments, a valve controlling said by-pass, and means for operating-said valve. o t

2. A vaporizer for use in combination with spray carburetingapparatus for internal combustion engines, comprising threechambers the central one being provided with an inlet and outlet for the exhaust gases and the end ones being in communication with one another by aV series of tubes arranged in two groups -through which the gas or vapor passes from one of the end chambers to the other one of said chambers, one of said chambersA being divided l'into two compartments each of which is provided `with an opening by meanslof which one of said co-mpartments is connected to the carburetenand the other to the engine, a'baiiie 'plate between the two groups of tubes in the heating chamber, a by-pass between said compartments, a valve controlling said bypass,a slotted extension of saidvalve, means for regulating the length of the slot-in said extension, and a pivoted lever one end of which carries a pin which engages the slot in the extension inlet and outlet for the exhaust gases and the end ones being in communication with one another by a series of tubes arranged in two groups through which the gas or vapor passes from one ,of the end chambers to the other, said tubes being arranged in rows two groups one of saidchambers being divided into two compartments each of which is provided with an opening by means of which one of said compartments 1s connected to the carbureter and the .other to the engine, a baille plate between the two groups of tubes in the heating chamber, a by-pass between said compartments, a valve controlling said by-pass, a slotted extension of said valve, means for regulating the length. of the slot in said extension, and a pivoted lever one end of which carries a pin which engages the -slot in the extension vof the valve and the other end of which is in couple with the throttle valve of the engine.

4. A vaporizer for use in combination with v each other by a series of'tubes arranged in two groups through which the gas or vapor passes from the spray carbureting-apparatnsA ico to the engine one of Said chambers being 1n directu communication with the engine andA the other being divided into two compartiments one of which is provided with an opening by means of which it is put in communication with the carbureter and the other of which is in communication with the chamber in direct communication with the engine, a by-pass between the two compartments, a valve controlling said by-pass, and means -for controlling the position of said valve.

5. A vaporizer for use with spray carbureting-apparatus for internal combustion engines, comprising three chambers the central one of which is provided with an inlet and an outlet for the exhaust gases of the engine and the end ones of which are in communication with one another by a series of tubes one of said end chambers being divided into two compartments one of Which has an oriice by means of which it is put in communication with the carbureting-apparatus and the other of which has an orifice by means of which it is put in communication with the engine, a diaphragm or baiie plate in the central chamber dividing the tubes into two groups, a cylinder between said compartments which is in communication with one compartment by means of a port and in communication with the other compartment by means of its open end, a piston valve in said cylinder, an extension of said valve, la slot in said extension, means for varying the length of said slot, a lever pivoted in fixed relation to the vaporizer which carries a pin which engages the slot in the extension of the valve and provides a means of varying the position of said valve.

6.. A vaporizer for use with spray .carbureting-apparatus for internal combustlon engines, comprising three chambers the central one of which is provided with an inlet and' tion with the engine, a diaphragm or battle plate in the central chamber dividing the tubes therein into two groups and having an opening at its upper and lower edges, a cylinder between said compartments which is in communication with one compartment by means of a port and in communication with the other compartment by means of its open end, a piston valve in said cylinder, an eXtension of said piston valve, a slot in said extension, a set screw in said extension for varying the length of said slot, and a lever pivoted in fixed relation to the vaporizer one end of which carries a pin which engages the slot in the extension of the piston valve and the other 'end of which is in couple with the throttle valve of the engine.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name.

y ERNEST WILLIAM JoHNsoN. 

